REGULATION 英国 · 家事法 Children Act 1989 · s.5 / Sch.1 未成年子女监护 + 经济支持 最后审阅 · 2026-05-28

Children Act 1989 · Section 5 + Schedule 1

Children Act 1989 · s.5 (appointment of guardians) + Sch.1 (financial provision for children) · 1989 royal assent 1991-10-14 生效

一对上海夫妇在 2024 年决定把 13 岁的儿子送去伦敦寄宿中学。母亲常驻 HK · 父亲常驻上海 · 没有任何一方持英国居留权。学校的入学合同要求填一份 "UK-resident guardian"——必须是英国居民 · 24×7 触达 · 学校紧急情况下能在 60 分钟到达。父母签了一家上海中介推荐的"代监护"公司——但这份合同不是 Children Act 意义上的"guardian"。一年后儿子在校外被警察临时拘留(夜间宵禁违规 + 非英国签证持有人)· 学校照"guardian list" 联系那家代理公司 · 对方在伦敦没有任何人能去警局——孩子在警局拘留室待了 11 小时直到父亲从浦东飞到。事后律师查证:所谓"guardian"在 Children Act s.5 框架下根本无效;而真正的 "section 8 child arrangements order" 谁也没去申请。

英国《儿童法》是处理未成年人监护、抚养、保护的成文母法。其中第 5 条规范遗嘱监护人(testamentary guardian)的指定 · 在父母双亡或单亲死亡场景下激活;Schedule 1 规范对子女的经济支持令——包括未婚父母 / 离婚后 / 信托资产持有人 / 非英国父母对在英子女的经济责任。这两节是中国家族赴英求学场景的两条法定脊柱——但 90% 的中介合同 + "全权代理"安排 · 与这两条都对接。

s.5 条款节选 · 关键 quote

Children Act 1989 s.5(1)
Where an application with respect to a child is made to the court by any individual, the court may by order appoint that individual to be the child's guardian if— (a) the child has no parent with parental responsibility for him; or (b) a residence order has been made with respect to the child in favour of a parent or guardian of his who has died while the order was in force; or (c) the child's only or last surviving special guardian has died.
Children Act 1989 s.5(3)–(4) · 父母遗嘱指定
A parent who has parental responsibility for his child may appoint another individual to be the child's guardian in the event of his death. ... An appointment under subsection (3) or (4) shall not have effect unless it is made in writing, is dated and is signed by the person making the appointment.

s.5 适用范围 · 实务边界

Schedule 1 条款节选 · 关键 quote

Children Act 1989 Sch.1, para 1(2)
The orders that the court may make under this paragraph are— (a) an order requiring either or both parents of a child— (i) to make to the applicant for the benefit of the child; or (ii) to make to the child himself, such periodical payments... (b) an order requiring either or both parents of a child to secure to the applicant for the benefit of the child... (c) an order requiring either or both parents of a child to pay to the applicant for the benefit of the child... such lump sum as may be specified in the order; (d) an order requiring a settlement to be made for the benefit of the child... (e) an order requiring either or both parents of a child... to transfer to the applicant for the benefit of the child... such property as may be specified.

Schedule 1 适用范围 · 实务边界

2022—2025 修订史 + 案例发展

Children Act 主体 1989 通过后历经多次修订 · 与本条相关的关键节点:

实务影响 · 中国家族

对赴英求学的中国家族 · 这两条的实操意义:

真实判例锚点

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